Abnormalities associated with CKD
27/03/2013 14:30
- Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance.
- Water retention.
- Hyperkalemia.
- Hypocalcemia.
- Hyperphosphatemia.
- Metabolic acidosis.
- Neurologic disorders
- CNS: lethargy, confusion, sleep disturbances, and irritability
- Peripheral neuropathy (paresthesia)
- ANS: orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis.
- Endocrine Disorders
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism
- Low calcitriol (active vitamin D3)
- Renal osteodystrophy
- Insulin resistance
- GI Disturbances
- Nausea, vomiting, and hiccups
- Gastric hyperacidity & ulceration
- Altered GI function due to gut edema
- Hematologic disorders
- Anemia
- WBC dysfunction
- Platelet dysfunction
- Cardiovascular disorders
- Hypertension
- Atherosclerosis
- CHF and pulmonary edema
- Pericarditis / Tamponade